Which federal organization governs safe and healthy working conditions?

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is the federal organization responsible for ensuring safe and healthy working conditions for employees across various industries in the United States. OSHA develops and enforces regulations that aim to prevent workplace injuries, illnesses, and fatalities, thereby promoting a safe working environment. This organization's mission includes overseeing workplace safety standards and conducting inspections to ensure compliance with these regulations.

In contrast, the other organizations listed have different responsibilities. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) focuses on protecting the environment and public health by regulating pollutants and safeguarding natural resources, while the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is dedicated to protecting consumers from unsafe products. The National Safety Council (NSC) is a nonprofit organization that promotes safety and health but does not possess regulatory authority like OSHA. This distinction highlights why OSHA is the correct answer for governing safe and healthy working conditions.